Polyglutamic Acid Powder

What is Polyglutamic Acid Powder?

Polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) is a secondary metabolite produced during the life activities of Bacillus genera such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and was first found in the pods of Bacillus anthracis. It is a naturally occurring anionic polypeptide consisting of D-glutamic acid or L-glutamic acid. It is polymerised by γ-amide bonding between α-amino and γ-carboxylic acid groups, and mostly consists of 500 to 5 000 glutamic acid monomers. Polymers have high stability and high compression resistance. Polyamino acids have been rapidly developed in recent years as a widely studied biodegradable nano drug carrier due to their high structural and functional similarity to natural proteins.

The free carboxyl group in the repeating unit of polyglutamic acid facilitates drug attachment, and this advantage allows polyglutamic acid to be a carrier for polymer-drug conjugates. In addition, γ-PGA can exist as a water-soluble salt in the presence of various cations or as a water-insoluble free acid, so the stability of polyglutamic acid is more excellent. Polyglutamic acid can be used as a carrier for cosmetic active ingredients, and it also has many good effects, such as moisturizing, antioxidants, and thickening.

YTBIO supplies Polyglutamic Acid Powder Skincare 99% in various sizes (from 10,000Da to 2,000,000Da) with low and high molecular content. It has good stability, no impurity, no solvent residue, no pesticide residue.

What are the benefits of polyglutamic acid?

Moisturising

Due to the special three-dimensional lattice structure of polyglutamic acid, the molecular structure is full of helices and folded structures. This structure encapsulates more nutrients, making it extremely absorbent and moisturising. Polyglutamic acid contains three functional groups with hydration capacity, which in the skin induces the skin's natural production of moisturising factor (nmf). It can absorb more than 5,000 times its mass of water, which significantly improves the skin's moisturising efficacy, reduces water loss, promotes skin elasticity, and keeps the skin moisturised for a longer period. Compared with hyaluronic acid, polyglutamic acid powder has a more complex moisturising mechanism, and its moisturising and water-locking effect is increased by 1000 times. Under experimental conditions, polyglutamic acid can absorb 4,000 times its water, the best up to 5,000 times.

Antioxidant

Polyglutamic acid contains a large number of anionic groups and has a strong ability to chelate cationic metals. It can chelate with metal ions and thus block the interaction of metals with lipids or peroxides. It reduces the production of free radicals and has an antioxidant effect.

Thickening

It has been shown that hybrid systems of polyglutamic acid and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) have a synergistic effect on rheology. There was a significant synergistic viscosity increasing effect when HEC and polyglutamic acid were mixed at different mass ratios. At the same time, the synergistic effect increased and then decreased with the increase of the mass ratio of HEC and γ-PGA, and the overall strain resistance of the solution was enhanced after HEC blended with γ-polyglutamic acid, i.e., the structure of the system after blending was enhanced to a certain extent.

Whitening

Studies have shown that polyglutamic acid has a good inhibitory and regulatory effect on tyrosinase activity. Among them, the low molecular weight polyglutamic acid powder whitening effect is obvious, defense against ultraviolet rays, blocking melanin production, from the root to start whitening and brightening.

Slow Release

Pure Polyglutamic acid powder can inhibit the growth of microorganisms, play an antibacterial effect, slow biodegradability, the skin surface is not easy to breed microorganisms, can be used to build the embedded slow-release system, promote skin absorption, film on the skin surface, isolation of environmental stimuli, reduce skin inflammation.

What are the applications of Polyglutamic acid?

1. Application in cosmetics

Because of the unique structure of γ-PGA, it has good water absorption and water retention. There are already cosmetics on the market that use γ-PGA as an ingredient. When used as a cosmetic raw material, γ-PGA with different relative molecular weights has different functions [3]. γ-PGA of more than 2 000 kDa has film-forming properties and can effectively prevent water loss. γ-PGA of 1 to 10 kDa is conducive to transdermal absorption and can deeply moisturize and care for the skin.

2. Application in medicine

Low molecular weight γ-PGA has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, so it can be used as a drug carrier. The degradability of γ-PGA can enable the release of drugs at the corresponding time, making the drugs more fully utilized and more effective [4].

3. Application in environmental treatment

Commonly used flocculants in sewage treatment, such as aluminum salts, iron salts and polyacrylamide, have obvious shortcomings. Since γ-PGA has a good adsorption effect on heavy metals and rare earth elements, it is non-toxic and non-polluting, and can biologically It degrades, so it is an environmentally friendly flocculant [5].

4. Application in agriculture

(1) Retain water and fertilizer to improve crop characteristics

The hydrophilic group - carboxyl group in the polyglutamic acid molecule can maintain soil moisture content, improve soil bulking and porosity, improve sandy soil, and promote soil fertilizer and water retention capabilities [6]. When submerged in the soil, a thin film will be formed on the surface of the plant root hairs. It not only protects the root hairs, but also serves as the best transport platform for nutrients, water and root hairs in the soil to come into close contact. It can effectively improve fertilizer production. dissolution, storage, transportation and absorption. Prevents the precipitation of sulfate, phosphate, oxalate and metal elements, allowing crops to more effectively absorb phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and trace elements in the soil.

(2) Rooting and strengthening, increasing crop yields

As a fertilizer synergist, γ-PGA can promote crops to absorb nutrients, increase yield, improve quality, improve crop stress resistance, and effectively reduce fertilizer application. γ-PGA synergist can increase the growth of aboveground and underground parts of rice, the number of solid grains per panicle, and the number of effective panicles [7]. Applying γ-PGA to corn can significantly increase the chlorophyll content, root activity and biomass of corn seedlings, increase the 100-kernel weight and the number of solid kernels per ear, thereby increasing yield [8].

(3) Integrate heavy metals in soil and improve crop stress resistance

γ-PGA has a good chelating effect on heavy metals in soil such as chromium, aluminum, lead, and cadmium, which can effectively prevent crops from absorbing excessive amounts of toxic heavy metals from the soil, affecting crop safety and food safety. It can enhance plant disease resistance and stress resistance [9].

(4) Improve soil and adjust pH

γ-PGA has a good balancing effect on soil acid-base, reduces soil hardening and acidification caused by long-term application of fertilizers, and also has a certain improvement effect on soil alkalization and salinization caused by seawater intrusion [10]. γ-PGA is beneficial to the accumulation of P, Mn and Zn in the roots. Applying γ-PGA activated phosphate rock powder can adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, increase the phosphorus content in the soil, and solidify the heavy metal lead in the soil [11]. 

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YTBIO is committed to providing customers with the highest-quality Pure Polyglutamic acid powder bulk and services so that every consumer can enjoy natural, healthy, and high-quality food. If you have any inquiries or needs about our products, please feel free to contact us, and we will reply to you as soon as possible.

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